MANOJ: January 2009

sherya

Biography
Shriya Saran’s one of the reigning queens of South Indian cinema, her face transforming from innocence to glamorous with remarkable ease. Language is no barrier to this actress as she continues to take on roles in Telugu, Tamil, Hindi and English films.Simply ShriyaShriya was born in Dehradun on the 11th of September 1982. Her mother is Neeraja, a school teacher and her father is Pushpendra Saran, working with Bharat Heavy Metal Works. She has an older brother Abhiroop.Shriya grew up in Ranipur. She studied at the Delhi Public ...
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Filmography
Mission Istanbul (2008) - Anjali
Ek (2008) - Preet
Indiralohathil Na Azhagappan (2008) - Pidiaratha
Azhagiya Tamizh Magan (2007)
Thulasi (2007) - Special Appearance
Awarapan (2007) - Reema
Shivaji (2007) - Tamizhselvi
Munna (2007) - Special Appearance (Chamakkuro song)
Vivaah (2006)
Boss (2006) - Sanjana
A Belly Full of Dreams (2006) - Swathi (as Shriya Saran)
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Trisha Krishnan
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Trisha Krishnan
Trisha Krishnan pictured at the Filmfare Awards function in August 2008
Born
Trisha KrishnanMay 4, 1983 (1983-05-04) (age 25)Pathanamthitta, Kerala, (India)
Official website
[show]Awards won
Filmfare Awards
Filmfare Best Tamil Female Debut Award for Mounam Pesiyadhe
Other awards
Filmfare Best Telugu Actress Award, Santosham Best Actress Award, CineMAA Award for Best Actress for Varsham Filmfare Best Telugu Actress Award, Nandi Award for Best Actress, CineMAA Award for Best Actress for Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana Filmfare Best Telugu Actress Award for Athadu CineMAA Award for Best Actress, Filmfare Best Telugu Actress Award for Aadavari Matalaku Ardhalu Verule
Trisha Krishnan, (born on May 4, 1983) (Tamil: த்ரிஷா கிருஷ்ணன்) is a prominent, award-winning actress in both Tamil and Telugu film industries. She rose to fame in the Tamil industry with her roles in movies, Saamy and Ghilli and the Telugu industry with her movie, Varsham.
Contents[hide]
1 Early life
2 Film career
3 Filmography
4 References
5 External links
//

[edit] Early life
Born to Krishnan and Uma Krishnan , in Palakkad the Tamil Iyer actress got her higher education in Ethiraj College, Chennai. Later, she modelled and won Miss Salem in 1999, Miss Chennai in 1999 and Miss India Miss Beautiful Smile in 2001. In school, she participated in several cultural activities, sports and school band. She studied at Sacred Heart Church Park School, in Madras.
She started her career as a model, appearing in many TV advertisements including that of Fair and Lovely and Josco Jeweller. She also starred in Falguni Pathak's music album Meri Chunar Ud Ud Jaye.

[edit] Film career
Trisha Krishnan first made her debut in films when she was offered a small cameo in the film Jodi. However, the first movie in which she signed up to enact the role of the leading lady was Priyadarshan's Leysa Leysa. A string of flops marked the beginning of her career, such as Manasellam, and Alai. However she was well suited for her role opposite Surya in Mounam Pesiyadhe and won critical acclaim. She is well acclaimed for her facial expressions while acting. She then played Vikram's lady love in the mega blockbuster Saamy. The next huge film she took part in followed immediately afterwards, was Ghilli with Vijay, which was a remake of Telugu blockbuster Okkadu. In 2004, she starred in Varsham in Telugu which went on to become the biggest hit of the year and turned her into an overnight sensation. In 2005, she starred alongside Siddharth Narayan in the telugu flick Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana as the village girl Siri. The movie is about a rich boy, who tries to marry a girl - however her brother opposes. It is directed by Prabhu Deva, was successful at the box office[1] Krishnan won 2 awards for the film which include the Filmfare Award and Nandi Award.
She appeared in Mani Ratnam's Aayitha Ezhuthu which was remade into a hit Hindi movie Yuva. The Tamil version included Siddharth Narayan, Madhavan and Surya. Her later movies, Ji, Aathi and Aaru did not do well - though Aaru was received well by critics and both dubbed in Tamil and Telugu and produced by Saran, who had previously directed several successful movies.[2] Her 2006 Telugu movie, Pournami, directed by Prabhu Deva, was a flop. However, another 2006 film, Something Something ... Unnakum Ennakum, where Krishnan acted opposite Jayam Ravi, did well at the box office. Something Something ... Unnakum Ennakum is a remake of the Telugu movie, Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana where she plays the same role.
Her Telugu film Sainikudu with Mahesh Babu was released on November 30, 2006. There were high expectations in the trade circles from this film especially after the smashing hit Pokiri, but this high budget film started off with below average reviews. Despite receiving bad reviews from the film trade, the film managed to get a decent opening in India and overseas.
Her next release after Sainikudu was Aadavari Matalaku Ardhalu Verule where she was cast opposite Venkatesh. This film was Selvaraghavan's first film in Telugu. The film released on April 27, 2007. The film is a family entertainer and received good response especially from the family audience. The box office returns exceeded the collections of later releases like Aata and Munna. Krishnan's performance is one of the highlights of the movie.
In Kireedam with Ajith, Krishnan tried comedy and received rave reviews. Kireedom opened with high expectations and received good reviews from media and audience. Her 2008 films, Bheema and Kuruvi failed to succeed at the box-office, whilst Krishna with Ravi Teja , opened to rave reviews. Her other movie Bujjigadu starring Prabhas, directed by Puri Jagannadh was released during Summer and made a decent run. Her other projects include three Tamil films, Radhamohan's Abhiyum Naanum, Sarvam with Arya and a Gautham Menon film. She has also signed a Telugu film: King starring Akkineni Nagarjuna directed by Sreenu Vaitla is awaited for December release. King has so far done well at the box office.
Trisha recently replaced Rani Mukherjee as the Brand Ambassador of Fanta India. She is the brand ambassador of Scooty Pep+, for which she has replaced Preity Zinta. She endorses Perk chocolate, for which also she has replaced Preity Zinta. She is also the brand ambassador for Fiama Di Wills , a product by ITC

[edit] Filmography
Year
Film
Role
Language
Other notes
1999
Jodi
Gayu's friend
Tamil
Cameo
2002
Lesa Lesa
Balamani
Tamil
Mounam Pesiyadhe
Sandhya
Tamil
Winner, Filmfare Best Tamil Female Debut Award
Manasellam
Malar
Tamil
2003
Alai
Meera
Tamil
Saamy
Bhuvana
Tamil
Enakku 20 Unakku 18
Preethi
Tamil
2004
Varsham
Sailaja
Telugu
Winner, Filmfare Best Telugu Actress AwardWinner, Santosham Best Actress AwardWinner, CineMAA Award for Best Actress
Ghilli
Dhanalakshmi
Tamil
Aayitha Ezhuthu
Meera
Tamil
2005
Thirupaachi
Subha
Tamil
Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana
Siri
Telugu
Winner, Filmfare Best Telugu Actress AwardWinner, Nandi Award for Best ActressWinner, CineMAA Award for Best Actress
Ji
Bhuvana
Tamil
Athadu
Puri
Telugu
Nominated, Filmfare Best Telugu Actress Award
Allari Bullodu
Trisha Rao
Telugu
Aaru
Mahalakshmi
Tamil
2006
Aathi
Anjali
Tamil
Pournami
Pournami
Telugu
Bangaram
Cameo
Telugu
Cameo appearance
Something Something ... Unnakum Ennakum
Kavitha
Tamil
Stalin
Chitra
Telugu
Sainikudu
Varalakshmi
Telugu
2007
Aadavari Matalaku Ardhalu Verule
Keerthi
Telugu
Winner, CineMAA Award for Best ActressWinner Filmfare Best Telugu Actress Award
Kireedam
Divya
Tamil
2008
Krishna
Sandhya
Telugu
Bheema
Shalini
Tamil
Velli Thirai
Trisha Krishnan
Tamil
Cameo appearance
Kuruvi
Devi
Tamil
Bujjigadu
Chitti
Telugu
Abhiyum Naanum
Abhirami Reghuraman
Tamil
King
Sravani
Telugu
2009
Chennaiyil Oru Mazhaikalam
Tamil
Filming
Sarvam
Tamil
Filming

[edit] Architecture

Visual overview of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)

[edit] Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)
Main article: Common Language Infrastructure
The core aspects of the .NET framework lie within the Common Language Infrastructure, or CLI. The purpose of the CLI is to provide a language-neutral platform for application development and execution, including functions for exception handling, garbage collection, security, and interoperability. Microsoft's implementation of the CLI is called the Common Language Runtime or CLR.

[edit] Assemblies
Main article: .NET assembly
The intermediate CIL code is housed in .NET assemblies. As mandated by specification, assemblies are stored in the Portable Executable (PE) format, common on the Windows platform for all DLL and EXE files. The assembly consists of one or more files, one of which must contain the manifest, which has the metadata for the assembly. The complete name of an assembly (not to be confused with the filename on disk) contains its simple text name, version number, culture, and public key token. The public key token is a unique hash generated when the assembly is compiled, thus two assemblies with the same public key token are guaranteed to be identical from the point of view of the framework. A private key can also be specified known only to the creator of the assembly and can be used for strong naming and to guarantee that the assembly is from the same author when a new version of the assembly is compiled (required to add an assembly to the Global Assembly Cache).

[edit] Metadata
Main article: .NET metadata
All CLI is self-describing through .NET metadata. The CLR checks the metadata to ensure that the correct method is called. Metadata is usually generated by language compilers but developers can create their own metadata through custom attributes. Metadata contains information about the assembly, and is also used to implement the reflective programming capabilities of .NET Framework.

[edit] Security
.NET has its own security mechanism with two general features: Code Access Security (CAS), and validation and verification. Code Access Security is based on evidence that is associated with a specific assembly. Typically the evidence is the source of the assembly (whether it is installed on the local machine or has been downloaded from the intranet or Internet). Code Access Security uses evidence to determine the permissions granted to the code. Other code can demand that calling code is granted a specified permission. The demand causes the CLR to perform a call stack walk: every assembly of each method in the call stack is checked for the required permission; if any assembly is not granted the permission a security exception is thrown.
When an assembly is loaded the CLR performs various tests. Two such tests are validation and verification. During validation the CLR checks that the assembly contains valid metadata and CIL, and whether the internal tables are correct. Verification is not so exact. The verification mechanism checks to see if the code does anything that is 'unsafe'. The algorithm used is quite conservative; hence occasionally code that is 'safe' does not pass. Unsafe code will only be executed if the assembly has the 'skip verification' permission, which generally means code that is installed on the local machine.
.NET Framework uses appdomains as a mechanism for isolating code running in a process. Appdomains can be created and code loaded into or unloaded from them independent of other appdomains. This helps increase the fault tolerance of the application, as faults or crashes in one appdomain do not affect rest of the application. Appdomains can also be configured independently with different security privileges. This can help increase the security of the application by isolating potentially unsafe code. The developer, however, has to split the application into subdomains; it is not done by the CLR.

[edit] Class library
Namespaces in the BCL[9]
System
System. CodeDom
System. Collections
System. Diagnostics
System. Globalization
System. IO
System. Resources
System. Text
System. Text.RegularExpressions
See also: Base Class Library and Framework Class Library
Microsoft .NET Framework includes a set of standard class libraries. The class library is organized in a hierarchy of namespaces. Most of the built in APIs are part of either System.* or Microsoft.* namespaces. It encapsulates a large number of common functions, such as file reading and writing, graphic rendering, database interaction, and XML document manipulation, among others. The .NET class libraries are available to all .NET languages. The .NET Framework class library is divided into two parts: the Base Class Library and the Framework Class Library.
The Base Class Library (BCL) includes a small subset of the entire class library and is the core set of classes that serve as the basic API of the Common Language Runtime.[9] The classes in mscorlib.dll and some of the classes in System.dll and System.core.dll are considered to be a part of the BCL. The BCL classes are available in both .NET Framework as well as its alternative implementations including .NET Compact Framework, Microsoft Silverlight and Mono.
The Framework Class Library (FCL) is a superset of the BCL classes and refers to the entire class library that ships with .NET Framework. It includes an expanded set of libraries, including WinForms, ADO.NET, ASP.NET, Language Integrated Query, Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows Communication Foundation among others. The FCL is much larger in scope than standard libraries for languages like C++, and comparable in scope to the standard libraries of Java.

[edit] Memory management
The .NET Framework CLR frees the developer from the burden of managing memory (allocating and freeing up when done); instead it does the memory management itself. To this end, the memory allocated to instantiations of .NET types (objects) is done contiguously[10] from the managed heap, a pool of memory managed by the CLR. As long as there exists a reference to an object, which might be either a direct reference to an object or via a graph of objects, the object is considered to be in use by the CLR. When there is no reference to an object, and it cannot be reached or used, it becomes garbage. However, it still holds on to the memory allocated to it. .NET Framework includes a garbage collector which runs periodically, on a separate thread from the application's thread, that enumerates all the unusable objects and reclaims the memory allocated to them.
The .NET Garbage Collector (GC) is a non-deterministic, compacting, mark-and-sweep garbage collector. The GC runs only when a certain amount of memory has been used or there is enough pressure for memory on the system. Since it is not guaranteed when the conditions to reclaim memory are reached, the GC runs are non-deterministic. Each .NET application has a set of roots, which are pointers to objects on the managed heap (managed objects). These include references to static objects and objects defined as local variables or method parameters currently in scope, as well as objects referred to by CPU registers.[10] When the GC runs, it pauses the application, and for each object referred to in the root, it recursively enumerates all the objects reachable from the root objects and marks them as reachable. It uses .NET metadata and reflection to discover the objects encapsulated by an object, and then recursively walk them. It then enumerates all the objects on the heap (which were initially allocated contiguously) using reflection. All objects not marked as reachable are garbage.[10] This is the mark phase.[11] Since the memory held by garbage is not of any consequence, it is considered free space. However, this leaves chunks of free space between objects which were initially contiguous. The objects are then compacted together, by using memcpy [11] to copy them over to the free space to make them contiguous again.[10] Any reference to an object invalidated by moving the object is updated to reflect the new location by the GC.[11] The application is resumed after the garbage collection is over.
The GC used by .NET Framework is actually generational.[12] Objects are assigned a generation; newly created objects belong to Generation 0. The objects that survive a garbage collection are tagged as Generation 1, and the Generation 1 objects that survive another collection are Generation 2 objects. The .NET Framework uses up to Generation 2 objects.[12] Higher generation objects are garbage collected less frequently than lower generation objects. This helps increase the efficiency of garbage collection, as older objects tend to have a larger lifetime than newer objects.[12] Thus, by removing older (and thus more likely to survive a collection) objects from the scope of a collection run, fewer objects need to be checked and compacted

.net

The Microsoft .NET Framework is a software framework that is available with several Microsoft Windows operating systems. It includes a large library of pre-coded solutions to common programming problems and a virtual machine that manages the execution of programs written specifically for the framework. The .NET Framework is a key Microsoft offering and is intended to be used by most new applications created for the Windows platform.
The pre-coded solutions that form the framework's Base Class Library cover a large range of programming needs in a number of areas, including user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, web application development, numeric algorithms, and network communications. The class library is used by programmers, who combine it with their own code to produce applications.
Programs written for the .NET Framework execute in a software environment that manages the program's runtime requirements. Also part of the .NET Framework, this runtime environment is known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR). The CLR provides the appearance of an application virtual machine so that programmers need not consider the capabilities of the specific CPU that will execute the program. The CLR also provides other important services such as security, memory management, and exception handling. The class library and the CLR together compose the .NET Framework.
Version 3.0 of the .NET Framework is included with Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista. The current version of the framework can also be installed on Windows XP and the Windows Server 2003 family of operating systems.[2] A reduced "Compact" version of the .NET Framework is also available on Windows Mobile platforms, including smartphones.
Contents[hide]
1 Principal design features
2 Architecture
2.1 Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)
2.2 Assemblies
2.3 Metadata
2.4 Security
2.5 Class library
2.6 Memory management
3 Standardization and licensing
4 Versions
4.1 .NET Framework 1.0
4.2 .NET Framework 1.1
4.2.1 Changes in 1.1 on comparison with 1.0
4.3 .NET Framework 2.0
4.3.1 Changes in 2.0 in comparison with 1.1
4.4 .NET Framework 3.0
4.5 .NET Framework 3.5
4.5.1 Changes since version 3.0
4.5.2 Service Pack 1
4.6 .NET Framework 4.0
5 .NET vs. Java and Java EE
6 Criticism
7 Alternative implementations
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
//

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